WHIG

Sir Francis Baring (latterly Lord Northbrook).] Autograph Signature ('Frans Baring') as frank of letter by the classical scholar Edmund Henry Barker, with fragment of Barker's letter with his damaged signature.

Author: 
Francis Baring [Francis Thornhill Baring, 1st Baron Northbrook; Sir Francis Baring; Lord Northbrook] (1796-1866), Whig politician [Edmund Henry Barker (1788-1839) of Thetford, classical scholar]
Publication details: 
Thetford. 10 December 1834.
£20.00

On 6 x 9.5 cm slip of paper, cut from the letter. In fair condition, lightly aged and worn. On one side, with part of the franking postmark in red ink, Baring has addressed the letter in the customary fashion: 'Thetford December ten 1834 – | F. T. Maxon Esqr | 6 Little Friday St | Cheapside | London – | Frans Baring'. (The recipient is the solicitor Frederick Thomas Maxon.) The reverse of the slip carries part of the conclusion of the letter, with the top half of Barker's signature.

[Edmund Burke, Irish statesman.] Autograph Signature ('Edm Burke'), with seal in red wax, cut from legal document.

Author: 
Edmund Burke (1729-1797), Irish statesman, orator and author, Whig Member of Parliament in the British House of Commons, member of the circle of Doctor Samuel Johnson
Publication details: 
Without date or place.
£180.00

On one side of a 7 x 12.5 cm piece of paper, cut from the end of a legal document. In good condition, lightly aged. Laid down on 11 x 16.5 cm piece of cream paper, cut from the leaf of an album. The seal, in red wax, is at bottom right, and is crisp and clear, despite being lightly cracked. The excellent signature ('Edm Burke') is to the left of seal. The surviving text is above the signature, in another hand, and reads: '[...]ed remain in full force and Virtue - | [...]ourble. Edmund Burke'.

[Henry Hallam, historian, responds indignantly to Dr Thomas Arnold's claim that he has made 'false quotations'.] Autograph Letter Signed ('Henry Hallam') [to Dr Thomas Arnold], defending himself against an allegation made in a lecture at Oxford.

Author: 
Henry Hallam (1777-1859), English Whig historian [Dr Thomas Arnold (1795-1842), headmaster of Rugby School, and Regius Professor of History at Oxford]
Publication details: 
24 Wilton Crescent [London]. 28 February 1842.
£180.00

4pp., 4to. Bifolium with mourning border. In fair condition, lightly aged, with short closed tears at edges of some folds. An excellent letter, indignantly countering what must be the most serious accusation one historian can level against another, that of making 'false quotations'. The recipient is not named, but from the context is undoubtedly the Headmaster of Rugby School, Thomas Arnold, who since the previous year had held the Regius Professorship of History at Oxford, and would die four months later, on 12 June 1842.

[John Manners, 3rd Duke of Rutland, patron of the arts.] Autograph Note Signed ('Rutland') to exchequer order.

Author: 
John Manners, 3rd Duke of Rutland (1696-1779), patron of the arts and Whig politician
Publication details: 
[His Majesty's Receipt of Exchequer, London.] July 1742.
£56.00

Printed and in manuscript on both sides of a ragged 19 x 19.5 cm piece of paper, extracted from an Exchequer document (the first page is headed in manuscript 'Bk | (608)'. Aged and ragged. The recto, printed and completed in manuscript explains that the document relates to the 'Repayment of Loan on the Duties on Salt, granted for the Service of the year 1741, and further continued for Seven Years from the 25th Day of March 1746'.

[ Lord Brougham, Lord Chancellor. ] Autograph Letter Signed ('H. Brougham') to 'Mr. A.' [ Armstrong ], regarding 'the bills respecting penal statutes' and an 'abuse'.

Author: 
Lord Brougham [ Henry Peter Brougham, 1st Baron Brougham and Vaux ] (1778-1868), Lord Chancellor, Scottish Whig politician
Publication details: 
Grafton Street [ London ]. 29 February 1856.
£35.00

3pp., 12mo. Bifolium. In fair conditon, lightly aged. Brougham's handwriting is bad, and the reading is in part tentative. He is 'extremely sorry to learn from Mrs A's letter' that the recipient has been indisposed. Brougham could not have made the appointment suggested in A[rmstrong]'s letter as he was 'in the House of Lords every day except Wednesday'. He has received the document, but has not been able to look into the matter, 'so oppressed as I have been with business which could not be postponed'. He will be free to do so after the following Monday, and will write to A then.

[ Sir George Cornewall Lewis, Whig Chancellor of the Exchequer and Home Secretary. ] Autograph Signature ('G. Cornewall Lewis') to document authorising admittance to the House of Commons.

Author: 
Sir George Cornewall Lewis (1806-1863), Whig politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer and Home Secretary, who successfully argued against British intervention in the American Civil War
Publication details: 
Place illegible. 1 February 1850.
£30.00

A good firm signature, appended to a document in another hand, simply reading: 'Admit the Bearer to the House of Commons'. The illegible address and date are in the same hand. In fair condition, lightly aged, with traces of mount on blank reverse.

[ George Pryme, economist, and Edward Raleigh Moran, editor of the Globe newspaper. ] Autograph Letter Signed ('G Pryme') from Pryme to Moran in reference to William Freeling Jerdan, whom he employs, with Autograph Letter Signed from Moran in reply.

Author: 
George Pryme (1781-1868), economist and Whig MP; E. R. Moran [ Edward Raleigh Moran ] (d.1852), editor of The Globe newspaper, London [ William Freeling Jerdan, son of William Jerdan (1782-1869) ]
Publication details: 
Pryme's letter dated from 34 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, 28 May 1842. Moran's letter from the Globe office (London), 30 May 1842.
£120.00

The letter and reply are on the same 12mo bifolium. In fair condition, on lightly-aged paper. ONE: Pryme to Moran. 3pp., 12mo. He writes that Jerdan has referred him to Moran 'for inquiry respecting him'. He is satisfied with Jerdan's account, but as he is 'a stranger to me & I am acting for others as well as myself I wish to ask whether in your opinion we may place reliance upon him in every respect as to his making out from the Books & adjusting some complicated accounts of a Provincial Newspaper & some disputed balances thereon'. TWO: Moran's reply to Pryme.

[ General Thomas Graham, Lord Lynedoch. ] Autograph Letter Signed ('Thomas Graham') to an unnamed party, regarding a list of individuals (Commissioners of Supply?), with reference to Lord Keith and an act of parliament.

Author: 
General Thomas Graham, 1st Baron Lynedoch [ Lord Lynedoch ] (1748-1843), Scottish politician and distinguished soldier
Publication details: 
[ Docketed as from Stratton Street, with date 31 January 1803. ]
£180.00

2pp., 4to. Bifolium. In fair condition, lightly aged. Written in a difficult hand. Docketed on reverse of second leaf in a neat hand, explaining the context: 'Genl Thomas Graham | Stratton Street | 31 Janry 1803 | wrote him first febry that Peers could not be Commssrs of Supply | 1803 | 3 Febry wrote L[or]d Keith.' Graham's letter reads: 'There is the list – except two names wch. L[or]d Keith wishes to have inserted & the mem[orandu]m. Of wch. I have mislaid – one is the Baillie of Kinkardine [sic] for the time being I think – but it wd.

[ Charles Tennyson d'Eyncourt, Whig politician, Alfred Lord Tennyson's unpleasant uncle. ] Note in the third person to the editor of The Globe newspaper. With cutting of his obituary from The Times.

Author: 
Charles Tennyson d'Eyncourt [ born Charles Tennyson ] (1784-1861), Whig Member of Parliament for Stamford, 1831-1832 and for Lambeth, 1832-1852; uncle of Poet Laureate Alfred Lord Tennyson
Publication details: 
Note without place or date. Cutting from The Times, London, 23 July 1861.
£30.00

The note is 1p., 16mo, on a bifolium. In fair condition, on aged and worn paper, with small strip of staining from mount along fore-edge. It reads 'Mr d'Eyncourt will be extremely obliged to the Editor of the Globe to insert the enclosed. | Friday 8 ' Attached at the head of the page is the cutting from The Times ('Death of Mr. Tennyson d'Eyncourt'), with manuscript date.

[ Thomas Spring Rice, 1st Baron Monteagle of Brandon. ] Autograph Letter Signed ('T Spring Rice'), as Secretary of the Treasury, a Treasury Circular, re 'French Claims', 'Calling on Supplemental Claimants to present appeals within a fornight'.

Author: 
Thomas Spring Rice, 1st Baron Monteagle of Brandon (1790-1866), Whig politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer, 1835-1839
Publication details: 
'Treasury Chambers' [ Whitehall, London ]. 17 December 1833.
£150.00

3pp., folio. Bifolium. In poor condition, worn and stained. A corner has been cut away from both leaves. Addressee's name at foot of first leaf, difficult to decipher, but appearing to read: 'The Rep[resentati]ve of J D de Warter at Mr Davis | Parliament Street'. Docketed: 'Treasury Circular of 17th Decemr 1833 | Calling on Supplemental Claimants to present appeals within a fortnight'. At upper left: 'Claims rejected'.

[ Edward Harbord, Lord Suffield. ] Autograph Letter Signed ('Suffield') to John Richardson of Heydon, containing a splendid assessment of the character of his friend the Lord Chancellor, Henry Peter Brougham, and reminiscences of Lord Eldon.

Author: 
Edward Harbord, 3rd Baron Suffield [ Lord Suffield ] (1781-1835), radical politician and abolitionist [ John Richardson of Heydon; Henry Peter Brougham; John Scott, Lord Eldon; Lord Chancellor ]
Publication details: 
Vernon House [ Park Place, St James's, London ]. 22 September 1831.
£250.00

3pp., 4to. Bifolium In good condition, lightly aged. Laid down on the blank reverse of the second leaf is a frank (also signed 'Suffield'), addressed to 'Jn. Richardson Esqr. | Heydon | Aylsham | Norfolk' An excellent letter, containing a splendid assessment of Brougham's qualities, and a vivid reminiscence regarding his predecessor as Lord Chancellor, Lord Eldon. The identity of the book that is the subject of the letter is unclear. Suffield begins by reporting that Brougham has promised Suffield that he will 'attentively consider' Richardson's book.

[ Lord John Russell's private secretary, Hon. George Elliot; Italian Independence; Risorgimento ] Autograph Manuscript memorandum regarding 'Austrian Emigrants'.

Author: 
Hon. George Elliot [ George Francis Stewart Elliot ] (1822-1901) [ John Russell, 1st Earl Russell [ Lord John Russell ] (1792-1878), Prime Minister ]
Publication details: 
Without place or date. [ London, 1850s or 1860s. ]
£220.00

3pp., 4to. Bifolium. In good condition, lightly aged and worn. With a couple of minor emendations. At top left of first page Elliot has written 'Copy'. Docketed on reverse of second leaf: 'Austrian Emigration'. Begins: 'In the Austrian Code (Decree of 1832) Emigration is treated of under a distinct head. | Every Austrian Subject removing to a foreign state or remaining abroad sine animo revertendi, as the Scotch wd. express it, is held to be an Emigrant.' Most of the third page is taken up with a precis of two points 'From Proclamation of Feb.

[ Thomas Spring Rice, Lord Monteagle, Whig politician. ] Autograph Letter Signed ('Monteagle.') to the anonyumous author of a book on decimal coinage, discussing the question and that of 'a common system of international coinage'.

Author: 
Thomas Spring Rice, 1st Baron Monteagle of Brandon (1790-1866), Irish-born British Whig politician,
Publication details: 
Putney Lawn; 2 July 1859.
£500.00

3pp., 4to. Bifolium. In fair condition, lightly-aged, with traces of grey paper mount adhering to blank reverse of second leaf. Thirty-seven lines of text. The letter is written to the anonymous author of 'Decimal coinage. The plan of the mathematicians rejected by commercial and practical men' (London: Ridgway, 1858), who has sent his work to Monteagle.

[ Phillips Gybbon of Hole Park, Rolvenden, Whig Member of Parliament. ] Autograph Signature ('Phill: Gybbon') to Exchequer receipt.

Author: 
Phillips Gybbon (1678-1762) of Hole Park, Rolvenden, Kent, Surveyor-General of the Land Revenues, 1726-1730; Lord of the Treasury, 1742-1744
Publication details: 
[ His Majesty's Receipt of Exchequer, London. ] 24 October 1757.
£105.00

1p., 8vo. . Aged and with particular wear to extremities. The usual printed text, completed in manuscript, with manuscript calculations in the right-hand margin. Begins (with manuscript text in square brackets): 'Annuities, 14 per Cent. | Record' [12o Oct. 1757] | Numb. | The [24th.] Day of [Oct.] 175[7] | Received by me [Phill: Gybbon, Assignee of John Gibbon & Ralph Snow Esqrs.] | Of the Honourable Thomas Townshend, Esq; One of the Four Tellers of His Majesty's Receipt of Exchequer, the Sum of [fifty six pounds] [...]'.

[ Francis Richard Charteris, 10th Earl of Wemyss, as Lord Elcho. ] Autograph Note Signed ('Elcho') to the future Sir George Scharf

Author: 
Francis Richard Charteris, 10th Earl of Wemyss [ Lord Elcho between 1853 and 1883 ] (1818-1814) [ Sir George Scharf (1820-1895), first Director of the National Portrait Gallery, London ]
Publication details: 
Brome Hall [ Suffolk ]. 3 December 1859.
£35.00

2pp., 12mo. In good condition. Addressed to 'Mr. Scharf;, He was unable to call on Scharf before leaving town the previous Friday, but will 'endeavour to be at the meeting of the Commission on the 8th'.

[ Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury, Whig statesman. ] Document with Autograph Signature ('Shaftesbury') to Sir Robert Long, regarding the payment of an annuity to David Walter, Groom of the Bedchamber.

Author: 
Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury (1621-1683), Whig statesman [ Sir Robert Long (1600-1673) ]
Publication details: 
Whitehall. 22 November 1672.
£500.00

1p., small 4to. Irregular shaped leaf of paper, aged and worn, laid down on a piece of paper 21 cm. square. Fourteen lines of text in a secretarial hand, regarding the payment of an annuity of £500 to 'David Walter - Esqr. one of the Groomes of his Mats. Bedchambr.' Signed at bottom right by Shaftesbury, and addressed at bottom left by the secretary 'To oure loving freind Sr. Robt. Long Bart. Audr. of the Receipt of ye. Excheqr.'

[ Abbott Laurence, American ambassador to London. ] Autograph Signature ('Abbott Laurence').

Author: 
Abbott Laurence (1792-1855), American politician and philanthropist, congressman and ambassador to London, 1849-1852
Publication details: 
Place and date not stated.
£22.00

On 1 x 5 cm. piece of paper. In fair condition, lightly aged. Cut from a letter.

[ Harriet Willoughby, daughter of Whig politician Charles James Fox. ] Autograph Signature ('H Willougby') on part of letter.

Author: 
Harriet Willoughby (1786-1856), illegitimate daughter of Whig politician Charles James Fox
Publication details: 
No place or date.
£100.00

On 8 x 18 cm piece of paper cut from the end of a letter. In fair condition, lightly aged. Reads: 'And now my dear Mary Anne adieu With kind Regards to Mr T & love to yourself I remain ever | Your's sincerely & affectionately | H Willoughby | I shall leave directions With Mr Hyman to forward the Papers during my absence'.

[ Lord Braybrooke, editor of Pepys's diary. ] Autograph Note Signed ('Braybrooke'), regarding the payment of a bill.

Author: 
Lord Braybrooke [ Richard Griffin [formerly Neville], 3rd Baron Braybrooke ] (1783-1858), politician and editor of the diaries of Samuel Pepys
Publication details: 
Audley End, Saffron Walden. 19 January 1875.
£50.00

1p., 12mo. In good condition, on lighthly-aged paper. Reads: 'Dear Sir | I beg to enclose a cheque for the Sum of £10 . 10 . and shall feel obliged by yr returning to me a Receipt for the same | I remain | Yours truly | Braybrooke'. In another hand at top right: 'Answd'.

[ Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 3rd Marquess of Lansdowne. ] Autograph Letter Signed ('Lansdowne') to the economist Nassau Senior (acting as his agent), directing him to arrange accommodation for him at Ilfracombe.

Author: 
Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice (1780-1863), 3rd Marquess of Lansdowne [ Lord Henry Petty ], British Liberal statesman [ Nassau Senior [ Nassau William Senior ] (1790-1864), economist ]
Publication details: 
Bowood [ Bowood House, Wiltshhire ]. 5 September 1837.
£56.00

2pp., 12mo. On leaf with mourning border. With 7.5 x 12.5 cm frank cut from front of envelope, reading 'Calne September fifth 1837 | Nassau Senior Esq | Ilfracombe | Devon | Lansdowne'. In good condition, lightly aged. While Senior is known to have been a protégé of the Marquess of Lansdowne, this letter suggests that he acted as his agent. The Marquess asks him to 'secure me a lodging at the hotel at Ilfracombe or if full at any house in the town on Friday, when I expect to be there pretty early'.

[ Lord Nugent, Irish politician and writer. ] Original Autograph Manuscript of the commencement of his tale 'The Confessions of A Suspicioius Gentleman. | by Lord Nugent'. With numerous emendations and deletions,

Author: 
Lord Nugent [ George Nugent-Grenville, 2nd Baron Nugent of Carlanstown ] (1788-1850), Irish Whig politician and writer
Publication details: 
Without place or date. On paper watermarked 'P EVERITT | 1827'. First published in London in 1830.
£520.00

9pp., folio. On five leaves of aged and worn paper. Heavily reworked, with numerous deletions and additions. Headed 'The Confessions of A [amended from 'The'] Suspicious Gentleman. | by Lord Nugent'. The present short story was first published in 'The Musical Bijou' for 1830, and was reprinted in 'The Polar Star' (abridged) and 'New York Mirror', before being collected in an anthology by Nugent and his Wife, 'Legends of the Library at Lilies, by the Lord and Lady there' (London: Longman, 1832), pp.51-91.

[ John Fonblanque, author and whig politician. ] Autograph Memorandum, signed 'John: Fonblanque', regarding 'distinguishing Barons by Tenure from Barons by Writ'.

Author: 
John Fonblanque [ John Anthony de Grenier Fonblanque ] (1759-1837), English author, whig politician and barrister
Publication details: 
Temple [ London ]. 7 March 1830.
£90.00

2pp., 12mo. 55 lines of closely-written text, with a few minor emendations. In fair condition, on lightly aged and worn paper, with 'John Fonblanque' in another hand at foot of first page. The document begins: 'I have been considering whether the Distinction that we notices this morning in the Description of the Heir sometimes as Lord & sometimes not may not fornish another Criticism for distinguishing Barons by Tenure from Barons by Writ'. He proceeds to argue the point learnedly.

[ Philip Yorke, 3rd Earl of Hardwicke. ] Autograph Letter Signed ('Hardwicke') to John McLeay,

Author: 
Philip Yorke (1757-1834), 3rd Earl of Hardwicke, whig politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, 1801-1805
Publication details: 
'Wimpole near Arrington' [ Cambridgeshire ]. 17 January 1810.
£85.00

3pp., 4to. Bifolium. In fair condition, on lightly-aged paper, with small stain at head of first page. Docketed on reverse of second leaf. The letter concerns Hardwicke's direction that Harry Court Amiel, son of 'Captain Amiel, Hounslow Barracks, Hounslow', be nominated 'for a Cavalry Cadetship in Bengal'. Amiel has been 'a Cornet in the 7th Regt of Dragoons, (or Hussars as they are called)' for a year, and 'bears a very good character from his Commanding Officer'.

[ Ulick John de Burgh, 1st Marquess of Clanricarde. ] Autograph Letter Signed ('Clanricarde') [to W. de Boinville]

Author: 
Ulick John de Burgh (1802-1874), 1st Marquess of Clanricarde [ Lord Dunkellin; the Earl of Clanricarde ], Irish Whig politician [ W. de Boinville ]
Publication details: 
Portumna [ Ireland ]. 14 January [1850s].
£45.00

2pp., 12mo. Bifolium. In fair condition, on aged and worn paper. He thanks de Boinville and his family for their 'kind wishes & feelings': 'I have thank God, quite recovered from my accident'. He is sorry that de Boinville and his wife 'have been suffering', and hopes to see them on his return to London. One of a batch of letters addressed to de Boinville in the 1850s.

[ Sir James Robert George Graham, Whig politician. ] Autograph Signature ('J. R. G. Graham') on frank to the Duke of Wellington.

Author: 
Sir James Robert George Graham (1792-1861), 2nd Baronet, Whig politician
Publication details: 
Without place or date.
£22.00

On 8 x 18.5 cm panel cut from front of envelope. In fair condition, lightly-aged and worn. All in Graham's hand, it reads 'His Grace | The Duke of Wellington | K. G. | Apsley House | J. R. G. Graham'. As is customary, Graham's signature is between two horizontal lines, in the bottom left-hand corner.

[ Prime Minister Lord John Russell and the Manchester Health of Towns Association. ] Autograph Letter Signed from Lord John Russell's private secretary Charles Grey ('C. <A.?> Grey') to P. H. Holland, regarding 'a Memoria from the Committee'.

Author: 
Charles Grey, Private Secretary to Liberal Prime Minister Lord John Russell [ Downing Street; P. H. Holland of the Chorlton Dispensary; the Manchester Health of Towns Association ]
Publication details: 
Downing Street [ London ] 10 August 1846.
£28.00

2pp., 12mo. Bifolium with mourning border. In fair condition, on lightly-aged paper, with head of the document trimmed and blank second leaf with traces of mount. He acknowledges 'the receipt of your letter enclosing a Memorial from the Committee of the Manchester Health of Towns association' and apologise for the delay in the acknowledgement, 'owing to the great pressure of business'.

[ George Eden, 1st Earl of Auckland. ] Autograph Note in the third person to R. Lambert, suggesting a meeting.

Author: 
George Eden (1784-1849), 1st Earl of Auckland, English Whig politician
Publication details: 
Admiralty [ London ]. 20 August 1835.
£50.00

1p., 12mo. In good condition, on lightly-aged paper. Docketed: '20 August 1835 | Lord Auckland to R L'. Reads 'Lord Auckland would be much obliged to Mr Lambert if he would call here tomorrow soon after two o'clock -'.

[ Charles Watkin Williams-Wynn, Georgian politician. ] Autograph Letter Signed ('C W Williams Wynn'), regarding outstanding business since his departure from the office of President of the Board of Control.

Author: 
Charles Watkin Williams-Wynn [ C. W. Williams Wynn ] (1775-1850), English politician, War Secretary under Earl Grey, 1830-1831
Publication details: 
6 Clarges Street [ London ]. 20 March 1828.
£35.00

2pp., 12mo. Bifolium. In good condition, on lightly-aged paper. The letter, addressed to an unnamed recipient, begins: 'My dear Sir | Before I quitted Office I communicated to the Court of directors the Draft of an Insolvent Bill & some letters on the subject which I had received from the Judges in India, together with a request that they might be laid before you for your opinion & observations.' He should like the opportunity to talk over the subject with him, as he considers himself 'pledged to bring the measure forward [in the House of Commons]' with the approval of the present Board.

[Michael Hicks Beach, MP for Cirencester.] Autograph Letter Signed ('M. Hicks Beach, regarding the settling of the account of an unnamed tradesman.

Author: 
Michael Hicks Beach (1760-1830) of Williamstrip Park and Beverstone, Gloucestershire, and Netheravon, Wiltshire, Member of Parliament for Cirencester, 1795-1818
Publication details: 
Williamstrip Park, Fairford. 2 June 1816.
£40.00

1p., 4to. In fair condition, on aged paper with small spike hole at centre. Reads: 'Sir/ I have mislaid your account and as I shall not go to Town again this spring I must desire you will make out another bill and sent [sic] it to Williamstrip, & I will send you a draft on my Banker.'

[Michael Angelo Taylor, Whig Member of Parliament.] Autograph Letter Signed ('M A. Taylor') to an unnamed recipient, expressing pleasure at the fact that a prosecution under his own act has been dropped.

Author: 
Michael Angelo Taylor (1757-1834), English Whig Member of Parliament
Publication details: 
Richmond. 3 January 1834.
£45.00

1p., 12mo. Very good, on lightly-aged paper. The letter reads: 'Sir | It gives me sincere Pleasure to learn that The Information against you was quashed. The Offence charged, does not come either within The Letter or The Spirit of my Act. I am only vexed that you have had so much Trouble.' Taylor's connection with the Metropolitan Paving Act of 1817, led to it being referred to as 'Michael Angelo Taylor's Act', but it is unclear which act he is referring to in this letter.

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