ECONOMIC

[ Pamphlet. ] First Annual Report of the Council of the Liverpool Anti-Monopoly Association for the Year 1842, read at the Annual Meeting of the Members, held January 23, 1843: Treasurer's Account, and a List of Members.

Author: 
Liverpool Anti-Monopoly Association [ Thomas Thornely, M.P.; Free Trade; Smith, Rogerson, and Co., Liverpool printers ]
Publication details: 
Second edition. Liverpool: Printed by Smith, Rogerson, and Co., 44, Lord Street. 1843.
£45.00

40pp., 12mo. Disbound and without wraps. On aged and lightly damp-stained paper. The report begins (p.5): 'The Object of the Liverpool Anti-Monopoly Association, as expressed in its constitution, is "The annihilation of all Monopolies in Trade and Commerce, and especially the total and immediate Repeal of the Bread and Provision Taxes.' Pp.36-37 carry, in small print, the 'List of Members for 1842'; the 'Council for 1843', with 'THOMAS THORNELY, Esq., M.P.' as president, is on p.3.

[ Board of the Inland Revenue, Excise Department, London.] Late-Victorian Manuscript Notebook, compiled by several parties, with sections of questions and definitions, and others treating allowances, 'Liverpool Allowances' and 'Quarantine Practice'.

Author: 
A. C. Collyer [ Board of the Inland Revenue, Excise Department, London ]
Publication details: 
[ Board of the Inland Revenue, Excise Department, London. Circa 1891. ]
£400.00

169pp., 12mo. Covering the whole of a ruled notebook in black waxed cloth binding. In fair condition, aged and worn, in like binding with some damage to spine. Ownership signature of 'A. C. Collyer' on front free endpaper, with the word 'Notes' written under it, and beneath that a seal (hand holding a sword) in red wax. The notebook has been compiled by at least three different parties (with a couple of notes in shorthand), and is certainly the work of instructors rather than students, possibly Scottish.

[ Michel Chevalier, French economist and politician.] Autograph Letter Signed, in French, to James Yates, regarding a statistical congress in England. With Engraved portrait of 'The Late M. Michel Chevalier'.

Author: 
Michel Chevalier (1806-1879), French free market economist, politician, and engineer, editor of the Paris 'Globe'
Publication details: 
73 Rue de l'Universite, Paris. 15 July 1860.
£80.00

2pp., 12mo. Bifolium. In good condition, lightly aged and worn. Addressed to 'Dear Sir', but with the rest written in French. He explains that it is with reluctance that he is unable to leave paris and attend the 'Congrès de Statistique', and that it is always with pleasure that he visits England. He refers to a 'traite de Commerce' and the 'Conseil Superieur du Commerce, dont j'ai l'honneur d'etre membre'. The letter is accompanied by an engraved portrait of 'The Late M. Michel Chevalier', cut from a magazine. On 14 x 9 cm paper. In good condition, lightly-aged.

[ Australian First World War equity finance.] Printed notice from the Agent General for New South Wales, headed 'New South Wales £3 1/2 % Stock, 1918. | Notice to Holders.'

Author: 
The Agent General for New South Wales, 1918 [ Australian First World War equity finance; New South Wales Government, Australia ]
Publication details: 
'2nd February, 1918. | (L.473) 1/18 - 25,000'. [i.e. 25,000 copies printed in January 1918]
£20.00

1p., 4to. In good condtion, lightly aged and worn, folded twice horizontally. 26 lines of text, beginning: 'The Agent General of New South Wales hereby directs the attention of Holders of the New South Wales £3 1/2 % Loan, due to be repaid 1st September, 1918, to the following terms of Conversion which are offered by the New South Wales Government, viz: -'. No other copy traced, either on OCLC WorldCat or on Copac.

[ Leaflet' handbill; economics; with Letter Signed from César Moreau and the Duc de Montmorency ] Société Francaise de Statistique Universelle [Statuts, Membres, etc].

Author: 
[ César Moreau (1791-1860), Économiste et statisticien [economist and statistician]; Société Francaise de Statistique Universelle ]
Publication details: 
Paris: Imprimerie de Cosson, [Paris, 1833]
£150.00

Four pages, 4to, unbound as issued, two small closed tears, fold marks, grubby at fold marks, text clear and complete. Information given of meetings, objectives, etc, list of members (including mainly French but Englishmen like Palmerston, Macaulay and Lord Melville; American like Malthus A. Ward; Humboldt, etc., etc.), Statutes, But, etc. Directeur Président du Conseil, César Moreau.

[Printed pamphlet.] The Logic of Co-operation.

Author: 
George Jacob Holyoake [ North of England Co-operative Printing Society, Manchester ]
Publication details: 
London: Trübner & Co., 60, Paternoster Row. Manchester: Co-operative Printing Society, 15, Balloon-street. 1873. [ North of England Co-operative Printing Society, 15, Balloon-street, Corporation-street, Manchester. ]
£56.00

16pp., 12mo. Disbound and without covers. In good condition, on lightly-aged paper. Now uncommon.

[ Ernst Engel, German statistician. ] Autograph Signature ('Dr. Engel') to manuscript letter, in German, to Frederick Martin, editor of the 'Statesman's Year-Book'.

Author: 
Ernst Engel (1821-1896), German statistician and economist, commemorated by the Engel curve and the Engel's law
Publication details: 
Berlin, 27 July 1878. On letterhead of the 'Statistisches Bureau' of the Kingdom of Prussia.
£250.00

2pp., 8vo. Heavily aged and creased, with slight damage to signature. 20 lines of text, neatly written out by a secretary. Concerning revisions to his entry in the volume. Scan supplied on request.

[ Sir Humphrey Sumner Milford, publisher to the University of Oxford. ] Duplicated typed circular, with facsimile signature of 'Humphrey S. Milford', describing the economic situation which has resulted in an increase in prices.

Author: 
Humphrey Milford [ Sir Humphrey Sumner Milford ] (1877-1952), publisher to the University of Oxford [ Oxford University Press ]
Publication details: 
On his Oxford University Press letterhead ('Manager: HUMPHREY MILFORD | Head Office: Amen Corner, London, E.C. 4'. 16 August 1919.
£100.00

1p., 4to. In fair condition, on aged and spotted paper. A convincing copy of a genuine typed letter, with Milford's signature and the letterhead in black ink, and the typewritten text in purple. 25 lines of text in three paragraphs. An interesting glimpse into the state of the British publishing industry in the period immediately following the First World War.

[ 'The Comrade, The Official Organ of the Comrades of the Great War for Liverpool and West Lancashire'.] Manuscript design for 'Cheque-Voucher', exchangeable for goods valued ten shillings from 'Any Advertiser in "The Comrade" in 1919'.

Author: 
F. Bulkeley Hughes, Editor, 'The Comrade, The Official Organ of the Comrades of the Great War for Liverpool and West Lancashire'.
Publication details: 
'Published Monthly at 35 Church Street Liverpool.' [1919.]
£85.00

On one side of a piece of 10 x 20 cm paper. In fair condition, lightly aged, with a little water spotting. An attractive item, laid out like a traditional cheque, with lower panel coloured in pink. Box to left reads: 'The Comrade | The Official Organ of The Comrades of the Great War | for Liverpool and West Lancashire | Published Monthly at 35 Church Street Liverpool. | Subscription Rate 5/- a year, post free | Single copies <?> | Advertising Rates on application | F. Bulkeley Hughes, Editor.' The cheque proper reads: 'No. A1000 Liverpool - 19 | To Any Advertiser in "The Comrade" in 1919.

[Ornate engraved advertisement for 'James Salmon Cambridge Carrier, Sets out from the Green Dragon Inn Bishopsgate Street London [...]'.

Author: 
James Salmon, Cambridge Carrier [Eighteenth-century transport; Norfolk; East Anglia]
Publication details: 
Without publication details or date. [1780s?]
£90.00

12.5 x 16 cm. Irregularly-cut and laid down on paper backing. Lightly-aged and worn. Slight loss to extremities. Crisply printed, with characteristic eighteenth-century engraved border of floral and architectural details. Text reads: 'James Salmon | Cambridge Carrier, | Sets out from the Green Dragon Inn Bishopsgate street | London | evry [sic] Wednesday, Thursday, & Friday, in ye. Forenoon, & carry Goods as usual For | [list of places in four columns] Cambridge Ely Lynn Wisbeach Holbeach March Downham Dereham Watton Fakenham Swaffham Walsingham | And all other adjacent Places.

[ Queensland Bureau of Industry, Brisbane, Australia. ] 'Specimen Issue' of printed 'Review of Economic Progress'

Author: 
Colin Clark (1905-1989), Anglo-Australian economist and statistician [ Queensland Bureau of Industry, Brisbane, Australia. ]
Publication details: 
[ Queensland Bureau of Industry, Brisbane, Australia. ] Vol. I, Number I. January 1949.
£120.00

5pp., 4to., with the last page a double-page fold-out on card, mainly comprising a table. Unbound. In fair condition, on lightly aged and creased paper. Stamp of the Leplay House Library in the top right-hand corner. 'SPECIMEN ISSUE' printed in the top left-hand corner of the first page. The full article is titled 'International Comparisons of the Purchasing Power of Money', with headings: 'Sources of Data on Prices', 'Other Sources', 'Re-Calculation of Purchasing Power of the £ in I.U., 1938', 'International Comparisions of the Purchasing Power of Money, 1946-47'.

[Welsh Working Men's Club and Institute.] Manuscript 'General Income and Expenditure Book' containing itemised and audited accounts of the Working Men's Club and Institute, Cefn, Kenfig Hill, Bridgend, and the Talbot Miners' Welfare Institute.

Author: 
[Working Men's Club and Institute, Kenfig HILL, Bridgend, South Wales, 1911-1938] [Talbot Miners' Welfare Institute.]
Publication details: 
[Kenfig Hill, Bridgend, South Wales.] 1 February 1911 to 18 January 1938.
£850.00

The present volume provides a fascinating sidelight into the operations of an archetypal Working Men's Club (Labour leader Ed Milliband was recently described as being 'more at home in Primrose Hill than Kenfig Hill') at what was perhaps the high point of such an institution, covering the period from just before the Great War to the end of the Depression of the 1930s. The accounts relate to two locations: the Cefn Institute and the Talbot Miners' Welfare Institute. The latter was founded in 1911 after a gift from the Talbot family, and closed in 1959.

[Printed booklet.] The Business Woman's Investment Prospectus. Endowment Assurances, with and without Participation in Profits. [The Business Woman's Investment Policy.]

Author: 
The Liverpool Victoria Insurance Corporation, Limited, London [women's economic history in Britain]
Publication details: 
The Liverpool Victoria Insurance Corporation, Limited. Head Office: 45-49 Holborn Viaduct, London, E.C. 'November 1st, 1910.'
£100.00

20pp., 12mo. Stapled, in grey wraps, printed in purple and green. An interesting artifact indicative of women's growing economic power in Britain at the beginning of the nineteenth century. An elegant little production, including six full-page tables, 'Press Notices' (two pages, on inside covers) and a section of 'Other Features attaching to "The Business Woman's" Investment Policy', including 'Advances on House Property' and 'Temperance Section'. Scarce: no copies traced, either on OCLC WorldCat or on COPAC.

[Bonamy Price, political economist.] Autograph Note Signed ('B Price').

Author: 
Bonamy Price (1807-1888), Drummond Professor of Political Economy at Oxford
Publication details: 
Norham Gardens, Oxford. 28 February [no year].
£75.00

On slip of paper, 7 x 13 cm. Reads: 'Norham Gardens. Oxford | Feb 28. - | I send a second article on Free Trade. | B Price'. In purple pencil on reverse: 'Bonamy Price | Professor Poll. Economy | Oxon.'

[Sir Robert Graham, merchant banker.] Two letters from the firm of Sir Robert Graham & Co to an unnamed recipient, the first regarding a dishonoured draft and the second on the payment of two approaching bills.

Author: 
Sir Robert Graham, merchant banker [Sir Robert Graham & Co., 2 Walbrook, City of London]
Publication details: 
[Sir Robert Graham & Co., 2 Walbrook, City of London.] Both from London, the first dated 30 March 1829, and the second 28 April 1829.
£45.00

Both items in fair condition, lightly aged and worn. Both 1p., 4to, and both signed 'Robert Graham & Co.' ONE (30 March 1829): Docketed on reverse: 'Letter from Sir R Graham respg Hunts Bill'. They have already informed him that his 'draft on Hunt of £20 was dishonoured & noted for nonpayment', and now 'have now to intimate that your draft on Foreman for the same amount has met the same fate'. Consequently they request a remittance. TWO (28 April 1829): They are 'rather surprised' that they have received no reply to their letter of 14 April.

[Osman Ricardo, MP, son of the economist David Ricardo.] Autograph Letter Signed to an unnamed recipient, cancelling his subscription to a Circulating Library, while complaining of lack of attention.

Author: 
Osman Ricardo (1795-1881), Member of Parliament for Worcester (1847-1865), son of the economist David Ricardo (1772-1823)
Publication details: 
Bromesberrow Place, Tewkesbury. 4 January [post 1842].
£120.00

3pp., 12mo. Bifolium. On paper with the 1842 watermark of R. Turner of Chafford Mills.In fair condition, aged, and with a central spike hole. He has received the ten books, and is returning them 'by the night mail', and will return 'the box of books' later, 'as unfortunately a courier only passes here but on certain days in the week'. Changing tone, he continues: 'I beg that my name may not be put down as a subscriber this year to the library; for I feel after the number of years we have been subscribers that we might have had the 5th Vol of Mad.

[Messrs. J. & S. Ricardo & Co., London bankers.] Manuscript Letter, signed 'J & S Ricardo', accepting 'Fifty Shares in the Colombian mining Association'.

Author: 
Messrs. J. & S. Ricardo & Co., London bankers [Colombian Mining Association; David Ricardo (1772-1823), economist]
Publication details: 
Throgmorton Street [London]. 27 November 1824.
£120.00

1p., 12mo. In good condition, on lightly-aged paper. Reads: 'Gentlemen/ | We are very much obliged to you for your offer of Fifty Shares in the Colombian mining Association which we have great pleasure in accepting. We did not make any application as we had hoped to have heard first from you on the subject.' The family firm of the economist and MP David Ricardo, who had been disowned on his marriage to a gentile in 1793. It did substantial business in the Hispanic world.

[John Percival Day, Professor of Economics, McGill University, Montreal.] Six large notebooks, filled with autograph lectures on economic affairs and history, delivered at the Dundee School of Social Study and Training and McGill University, Montreal

Author: 
John Percival Day (1880-1949), Professor of Economics, McGill University, Montreal [University of St Andrews; University of London; Stephen Leacock]
Publication details: 
Dundee School of Social Study and Training (University of St Andrews), Scotland; McGill University, Montreal, Canada. Dating from between 1920 and 1942.
£2,500.00

A total of 1290 pages, in six 4to notebooks. Internally clean, on lightly aged paper, in worn and repaired bindings, with the back cover of one of the volumes loose. Day has signed three of the covers, and decorated the cover of one volume with the crests of three Universities: Montenegro, St Andrews and London. All the texts are carefully written out Day's neat, close hand, with tables and graphs, some titles in red ink, and occasional pencil annotations. A list of the contents of the six volumes ends this description.

[James Whatman Bosanquet, banker and biblical scholar.] Autograph Letter Signed to Achille Vogue, informing him that he is sending 'a copy of a Chronological Chart just published'.

Author: 
James Whatman Bosanquet (1804-1877), banker and biblical scholar [Achille Vogue, French autograph collector]
Publication details: 
Claysmore, Enfield. 1 May 1867.
£35.00

1p., 12mo. In good condition, on lightly-aged paper. Reads: 'As you express in your letter of the 26th that you take some interest in my publications, I have the pleasure of forwarding a copy of a Chronological Chart just published'.

[Printed item.] An Address to Her Royal Highness the Princess Charlotte, on Her Marriage; shewing the Cause of the Distress of the Country, and pointing out a safe and effectual Remedy.

Author: 
'An Englishman' [Princess Charlotte of Wales (1796-1817); A. J. Valpy, London printer and editor of 'The Pamphleteer']
Publication details: 
'Original. 1816.' [Extracted from 'The Pamphleteer', vol. 8, no. 16, published by A. J. Valpy, London.]
£100.00

[44]pp., 8vo, paginated 487-530. Rebound in modern red cloth binding, with red leather label on cover, with title 'ADDRESS TO HRH PRINCESS CHARLOTTE' in gilt. In fair condition, lightly aged and worn.

Three albums filled with English and German manuscript memoranda, newspaper cuttings and mimeographed reports, relating to the Great War and 1898-1909 periods, assembled by an Anglo-German stockbroker in the City of London.

Author: 
[an Anglo-German stockbroker in the City of London during the Great War and 1898-1909 periods]
Publication details: 
Manuscript album, in German, 1898 to 1909, with label of a Hamburg stationer. Two other albums from 1917, with labels of London stationers.
£800.00

The three items come from the papers of an Anglo-German City of London stockbroker, with Item One, below, indicating that he was based in Germany between 1898 and 1909, and that he had moved to England by 1917. A major point of interest is the fact that the material has been assembled by an educated, intelligent and well-informed individual with good knowledge of both German and English economic realities, at a time of high conflict between the two nations. ONE: 94pp., folio. In black cloth quarter-binding with brown marbled boards, and label of W. Harneit, Hamburg. Consisting of 88pp.

Autograph Letter Signed "H.S. Foxwell" to Messrs Stoakley & Sons, bookbinders, about paying the [Cambridge] University Account.

Author: 
H.S. Foxwell [Herbert Somerton Foxwell (1849–1936), economist and bibliophile
Publication details: 
[Embossed] 1 Harvey Road, Cambridge, 27 Sept. 1914.
£600.00

Four pages, 12mo, bifolium, closed tear at fold discreetly repaired, some marking but mainly good, text clear and complete. As follows: "I an surprised that you should be worrying me about paying the University Account. I explained most carefully to you the situation in regard to both accounts at the beginning of the year,& it was open to you to have declined the work if you did not like hte condition. | I have no funds to p[ay this account, which musr first be sent in to the University.

[Samuel Smiles, railway administrator and author of 'Self-Help'.] Autograph notebook, containing information relating to his work as Secretary of the South Eastern Railway, including memorandums, tables and transcripts of letters.

Author: 
Samuel Smiles (1812-1904), railway administrator, biographer and author of the influential book 'Self-Help' (1859) [South Eastern Railway; Victorian steam engines; nineteenth-century locomotives]
Publication details: 
Smiles's ownership inscription on fly-leaf: 'S Smiles, South Eastern Railway | 1854.' Entries dating from between 1854 and 1886.
£2,800.00

According to Smiles's entry in the Oxford DNB, he was 'prominent in the negotiations for the amalgamation of the Leeds and Thirsk Railway [by which he was employed] with the North Eastern, which was effected in 1854 and abolished his own office. Thereupon he left Leeds for London on being appointed secretary to the South Eastern Railway (11 November). He held the post for twelve years, in the course of which he successfully arranged for the extension of the line from Charing Cross to Cannon Street (1858–9).

[Henry Chetwynd-Talbot, 18th Earl of Shrewsbury, as Lord Talbot.] Autograph Letter Signed ('Talbot') to the London bankers Messrs Hankey & Co., regarding payments due and 'the price of W. India produce'.

Author: 
Henry Chetwynd-Talbot, 18th Earl of Shrewsbury [Lord Talbot] (1803-1868) [Messrs. Thomson Hankey & Co., London bankers]
Publication details: 
'Kiplin [Hall] Catterick [Yorkshire]'. 17 November 1851.
£120.00

3pp., 12mo. Bifolium. In fair condition, on aged and worn paper. Docketted 'Answered same date G H'. The letter begins: 'As the time is approaching when another instrument will be due to <?>, I should be much obliged to you if you could send me the amount of the balance due to you at the time the arrangement was made, & the different payments that have been made since'. The letter continues on the same subject. The postscript reads: 'Please mention what are the profits of the price of W. India produce'. From the Hankey & Co. banking archive.

[Thomas Coutts & Co., London bankers.] Manuscript Letter from the firm (signed 'Thomas Coutts & Co.') to John Hankey of the London banking family, expressing 'much surprize' at his firm's treatment of a bill from Lord St John.

Author: 
Thomas Coutts & Co., London bankers [John Hankey, member of the London banking family of Hankey & Co.; Lord St John]
Publication details: 
Strand [London]. 17 July 1790.
£180.00

2pp., 4to. Bifolium. Addressed on reverse of second leaf 'To | John Hankey Esqr'. In fair condition, on aged and worn paper.

[Messrs Thomson Hankey & Co., London bankers.] Signed Manuscript Document giving a barrister's opinion (Paterson?) on a disputed right of way between property owned by the firm in Grenville, Grenada, 'and a lot in the occupation of Mrs. V. Morrison'.

Author: 
[Messrs Thomson Hankey & Co., London bankers; Grenville, Grenada; Mrs. V. Morrison; Paterson]
Publication details: 
'Chambers | St. Georges [Grenada] | 9th. May 1906'.
£140.00

3pp., foolscap 8vo. 90 lines of text. Bifolium. In very good condition, on lightly-aged paper. The signature, in a different hand from the rest of the document, is difficult to decipher: '<?> | Barrister at Law'. (The Paterson family were prominent on the island.) The document begins: 'The question submitted to me for an opinion is whether Messrs Thomson Hankey & Co. are entitled to a right of way for carts drawn by cattle &c along a passage lying between a lot of land in the Town of Grenville the property of the firm, and a lot in the occupation of Mrs. V. Morrison.

[Executive Committee of Jamaica.] Manuscript Letter Signed ('Wm: R[?]:') from Executive Committee Office to Messrs Thomson Hankey & Co., London bankers, regarding the payment of substantial sums towards the Bank of England Jamaica Guaranteed Loan.

Author: 
[Executive Committee of Jamaica; Messrs Thomson Hankey & Co.; Bank of England; Jamaica Guaranteed Loan]
Publication details: 
'Jamaica No 81'. Executive Committee Office. 26 January 1856.
£220.00

3pp., foolscap 8vo. Bifolium. In good condition, on lightly aged and worn paper. The letter begins: 'Gentlemen, | I am directed to inform you that a Bill of Exchange drawn by His Excellency the Governor and the Members of the Executive Committee, on the Lords of the Treasury, for the sum of £10.822 .. 9 ..

[J. Pownall, A. Munro, R. Frewin and Thomas Boone of the Custom House.] Contemporary manuscript copy of letter regarding the 'Incompetency, either from Ignorance or Inexperience of some of the Collectors and Comptrollers in the Out Ports'.

Author: 
J. Pownall, A. Munro, R. Frewin and Thomas Boone of the Custom House, City of London
Publication details: 
Headed 'No: 337 Custom Ho: London | 29th: December 1787'.
£180.00

Neatly written out in a contemporary hand on the verso of a foolscap 8vo leaf of laid paper, with 'T TAYLOR' watermark, torn from the letter book of a financial institution. In very good condition, lightly-aged. The names of the four signatories to the original document are given at the foot. The recto of the leaf carries the transcription, in the same hand, of a letter by 'W: Stiles | Secry', with a list of twelve 'Writs dated 6th: Decr: 1787'.

[William Beckford.] Manuscript copy by Fownes & White of 'Points stipulated for & agreed to with Messrs. Thompson Hankey & Co. on their taking the Consignments of the West India Estates of Wm. Beckford Esq: in succession to Messrs. Plummer & Wilson.

Author: 
[William Beckford (1760-1844), author and 'England's wealthiest son'; his London solicitors James Fownes and Richard Samuel White; Messrs Thompson Hankey & Co. and Messrs. Plummer & Wilson, bankers]
Publication details: 
[Messrs. Thompson Hankey & Co., 'at a meeting held at their Counting House in Fenchurch St. on the 24th Decr. 1830.' 27 January 1831.
£320.00

The connection between the two firms of London bankers Thompson Hankey & Co., and Plummer & Wilson & Co. is unclear, but after the bankruptcy of John Plummer and William Wilson of Fenchurch Street 1831, a new firm named Hankey, Plummer & Wilson was formed, Plummer & Wilson bringing to it a number of clients including Beckford. The source of Beckford's vast wealth was of course the family's sugar plantations in the West Indies, and this document dates from before the abolition of slavery. 3pp., foolscap 8vo. Bifolium.

[Alfred de Rothschild.] Autograph Letter Signed to unnamed female correspondent.

Author: 
Alfred de Rothschild [Alfred Charles Freiherr de Rothschild] (1842-1918), Anglo-Jewish financier
Publication details: 
On his monogrammed letterhead, New Court, St Swithin's Lane, E.C. [London.] 16 March 1900.
£90.00

2pp., 12mo. In very good condition, on lightly-aged paper. Declining, in polite terms, to comply with her request that he consent to put his signature to 'a paragraph about myself, for the purpose of publication'. He explains that he would be 'very sorry that anything should be printed about me which I myself had [not] dictated or signed'.

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